Abstract: International conflicts counteracting is one of the key challenges for the world community, as they cause aggravation of security risks both for the separate nations and for the global environment. The armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine became one of the most resonant international conflicts of the 21st century, which has turned into a full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war. Its negative consequences are felt by Ukraine as well as by the most of the developed countries of the world, since it has not only a military manifestation, but also the informational, economic and energy ones, and has caused global changes in the world economy. Economic sanctions have become one of the key instruments of international support for Ukraine, which have been applied against the Russian Federation since 2014 and now have acquired unprecedented proportions. The purpose of the study is the scientific substantiation of the content and role of economic sanctions as a tool for counteracting the international conflicts and their evaluation on the example of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The research methodology is based on a content analysis of the substance and types of economic sanctions, and a qualitative assessment of their impact. The author’s approach consists in the summarizing of mechanisms and consequences of the application of economic sanctions against the Russian Federation during the period of the Russian-Ukrainian war. The study showed that economic sanctions were powerful tools of influence on the aggressor-state, which allowed international partners to support the affected party of the conflict without their direct armed involvement. Their action affects the financial and economic capacity of the aggressorstate by weakening its military potential and the capacity to sustain the conflict. In addition, sanctions serve as the informational signals for the entire society, which demonstrates the international position regarding the prospects for resolving the conflict. Since 2014, the impact of the international community’s economic sanctions on the Russian Federation has been observed due to the reduction of its national GDP and the devaluation of the exchange rate, however, the protracted period of the war reduces their effectiveness due to the possibility of adaptation to the restrictions by the aggressor-state’s policies and economic entities. A full assessment of the consequences of sanctions is currently hardly possible due to the difficulty of eliminating the impact of other factors, however, it is key element for improving of the countermeasures against international conflicts.