Collection of Scientific Papers "Scientific Notes"
ISSN 2415-8518
Трансформація економіки і ефекти поширення: виклики та адаптація України в свiтлi NNTT
Economic transformation and spillover effects: challenges and Ukraine’s adaptation in the context of the New-New Trade Theory (NNTT)
DOI:
10.33111/vz_kneu.41.25.04.08.054.060
Анотація: У сучасних умовах глобальної нестабільності, війни в Україні та посилення інтеграційних процесів із ЄС постає нагальна потреба у переосмисленні ролі зовнішньої торгівлі як чинника структурної трансформації національної економіки. Особливо важливо дослідити механізми формування spillover-ефектів, що виникають унаслідок адаптації підприємств до змін регуляторного середовища, ринкової відкритості та інституційних реформ. Нова-нова теорія торгівлі (NNTT), що зосереджується на фірмовій продуктивності та селекції, надає ефективний інструментарій для аналізу цих процесів у країнах із високим рівнем екзогенних шоків.
Незважаючи на наявність значного масиву емпіричних досліджень у сфері міжнародної торгівлі, досі бракує системного аналізу того, як саме фірмова гетерогенність, політична турбулентність і структурна асиметрія впливають на здатність українських підприємств до формування конкурентоспроможного експортного потенціалу. У науковій літературі недостатньо висвітлені процеси адаптації МСП та державних підприємств в умовах війни, а також відсутній порівняльний аналіз ефективності механізмів підтримки експортерів у країнах з подібною структурною трансформацією. Метою цієї статті є розкриття структурних та поведінкових чинників, що визначають spillover-ефекти у зовнішній торгівлі України.
У статтi дослiджуються економiчнi ефекти торгiвлi та поширення (spillover) у країнах Європейського Союзу та України. Зосереджено увагу на мiждисциплiнарному пiдходi, що охоплює макроекономiчну полiтику, iнституцiйну структуру, поведiнковi фактори та геополiтичнi ризики. У роботі застосовано теорію NNTT, інституційну економіку та аналіз економічних показників у 2000–2024 роках. Оцінено динаміку експорту за галузями, адаптацію фірм до нових ринків, продуктивність SMEs і SOEs, а також обсяг spillover-ефектів у секторах ІТ, агро, оборони, машинобудування. Дослідження підтверджує, що формування стійкого експортного потенціалу в Україні потребує переорієнтації політики з макрорівневих стимулів на мікрорівневу підтримку продуктивних фірм, зокрема шляхом зменшення фіксованих витрат експорту, інституційної підтримки кластерів та цільової допомоги секторам із високим потенціалом spillover. На основi концептiв NNTT проаналiзовано, як фiрмова неоднорiднiсть, регуляторне середовище,вiдкритiсть ринку та економiя вiд масштабу впливають на структурнi трансформацiї. Розглянуто особливостi української економiки в контекстi вiйни та євроiнтеграцiї. Стаття спирається на сучасну емпiричну лiтературу та пiдкреслює необхiднiсть координацiї полiтик у глобалiзованому торговельному просторi
Abstract: In the context of global instability, the ongoing war in Ukraine, and accelerated integration with the European Union, there is an urgent need to reconsider the role of international trade as a driver of structural transformation within the national economy.
Emphasis should be placed on understanding the mechanisms of spillover effects that arise as firms adapt to evolving regulatory frameworks, market openness, and institutional reforms. The New-New Trade Theory (NNTT), which focuses on firm-level productivity and selection mechanisms, provides an effective analytical toolkit for exploring these dynamics in countries exposed to significant exogenous shocks.
Despite a growing body of empirical research in international trade, there remains a lack of systematic analysis of how firm heterogeneity, political volatility, and structural asymmetries affect the ability of Ukrainian enterprises to build competitive export capacity. Current academic literature underrepresents the processes by which small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) adjust under wartime conditions. Furthermore, there is a shortage of comparative evaluations of export support mechanisms in structurally transforming economies.
The aim of this article is to uncover the structural and behavioral factors that determine spillover effects in Ukraine’s external trade. The study examines trade and spillover dynamics in both the European Union and Ukraine through an interdisciplinary lens— encompassing macroeconomic policy, institutional architecture, behavioral economics, and geopolitical risks. The methodological framework combines the NNTT with institutional economic analysis and macroeconomic data spanning 2000–2024.
The paper assesses sectoral export trends, firm-level adaptation to external markets, SME and SOE productivity, and spillover intensity in the IT, agriculture, defense, and machinery sectors. Findings confirm that sustainable export development in Ukraine requires a shift from macro-level stimuli to targeted micro-level support for productive firms. This includes reducing fixed export costs, fostering institutional support for industrial clusters, and prioritizing sectors with high spillover potential. Drawing from NNTT concepts, the study analyzes how firm-level heterogeneity, regulatory complexity, market access, and economies of scale shape structural change. Special attention is given to the wartime and EU-integration context of Ukraine. The article emphasizes the need for coordinated policy design in a globalized trade system
Ключові слова: NNTT, Spillover-ефекти, фрмова гетерогенність, SMEs, SOEs, європейська інтеграція, торговельна політика, інституційна трансформація, секторальна адаптація, експортний потенціал, геоекономічна стійкість
Key words: New New Trade Theory (NNTT), spillover effects, firm heterogeneity, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), state-owned enterprises (SOEs), European integration, trade policy, institutional transformation, sectoral adaptation, export potential, geoeconomic resilience
УДК: 339.5:339.92:330.341.1:330.35
UDC: 339.5:339.92:330.341.1:330.35
JEL: F10 F14 F15 F62 O33 O47
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In APA style
Kotin, I. (2025). Economic transformation and spillover effects: challenges and Ukraine’s adaptation in the context of the New-New Trade Theory (NNTT). Collection of Scientific Papers "Scientific Notes", 41 (4), 116-142. http://doi.org/10.33111/vz_kneu.41.25.04.08.054.060
In MON style
Котін І.П. Трансформація економіки і ефекти поширення: виклики та адаптація України в свiтлi NNTT. Збірник наукових праць "Вчені записки". 2025. № 41(4). С. 116-142. http://doi.org/10.33111/vz_kneu.41.25.04.08.054.060 (дата звернення: 18.02.2026).
With transliteration
Kotin, I. (2025) Transformatsiia ekonomiky i efekty poshyrennia: vyklyky ta adaptatsiia Ukrainy v svitli NNTT [Economic transformation and spillover effects: challenges and Ukraine’s adaptation in the context of the New-New Trade Theory (NNTT)]. Collection of Scientific Papers "Scientific Notes", no. 41(4). pp. 116-142. http://doi.org/10.33111/vz_kneu.41.25.04.08.054.060 [in Ukrainian] (accessed 18 Feb 2026).
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