Abstract: The article examines the evolution of the global electric vehicle (EV) market and identifies the key stages of its development from early experimental solutions to largescale commercial deployment. Particular attention is paid to the role of government regulation as a decisive factor shaping market dynamics, technological trajectories, and competitive structures within the automotive industry. The study highlights the tightening of greenhouse gas emission standards and the introduction of zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) mandates, which are expected to significantly accelerate EV market penetration in the medium term.

The paper systematizes major international standards and regulatory frameworks governing the automotive sector, including technical, environmental, safety, and cybersecurity requirements, and analyzes their geographical scope of application. It also reviews multilateral initiatives in the field of electromobility, whose rapid expansion in recent years reflects the growing commitment of governments to transport decarbonization and policy coordination at the international level.

Special attention is devoted to comparative analysis of regulatory instruments applied in different countries, such as fiscal incentives, subsidies, quota mechanisms, and trade restrictions, which stimulate demand for electric vehicles while simultaneously influencing global value chains. The interaction between energy policy and transport electrification is emphasized, particularly the increasing dependence of EV sustainability on the availability of renewable energy sources and charging infrastructure. The article concludes that the global EV market is undergoing a profound transformation driven by environmental imperatives, technological innovation, and regulatory pressure. At the same time, rising geopolitical tensions, concentration of battery production, and uneven regulatory approaches create new challenges for longterm market stability. Balancing climate objectives, industrial competitiveness, and social considerations is identified as a key task for policymakers shaping the future architecture of the global electric vehicle market